MOTS-C (Mitochondrial Open Reading Frame of the 12S rRNA-c) is a 16–amino–acid mitochondrial–derived peptide (MDP) encoded within the mitochondrial 12S rRNA gene. Chemical Structure Sequence: Met-Arg-Trp–Gln–Glu–Met–Gly–Tyr–Ile-Phe-Tyr–Pro–Arg–Lys–Leu-Arg (MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR) Molecular weight: ~2,173 Da It is a linear peptide with no disulfide bonds or post–translational modifications in its native form. Mechanism of Action MOTS-C is transcribed and translated within mitochondria, then exported to the cytoplasm and nucleus where it acts as a retrograde signalling molecule. Its primary mechanism involves: Direct activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) Increased expression of PGC-1a and downstream mitochondrial biogenesis genes Enhanced fatty acid ẞ-oxidation and glucose uptake Improvement of insulin sensitivity via reduced inflammatory signalling (↓ NF-kB, ↓ IL-6) Protection against metabolic stress, oxidative damage, and age-related mitochondrial decline Modulation of nuclear gene expression related to metabolism, proteostasis, and stress resistance By acting as a mitokine, MOTS-C coordinates mitochondrial-nuclear communication to optimize energy homeostasis, metabolic flexibility, and cellular resilience. Indications & Usage Mito Boost (MOTS-C) is used to support mitochondrial function and metabolic health. It is indicated for: Enhancement of mitochondrial biogenesis and energy production Support for fat oxidation, insulin sensitivity, and metabolic efficiency Assistance during age–related decline in physical performance and recovery Promotion of endurance, exercise capacity, and cellular resilience under metabolic stress Contraindications & Warnings Do not use if you have: Known hypersensitivity to MOTS-C or any excipient Active malignancy (theoretical concern regarding cellular metabolism enhancement) Severe uncontrolled liver or kidney disease Pregnancy or breastfeeding Age under 18 years Warnings Use only under medical supervision with periodic monitoring (e.g., glucose metabolism, liver function, clinical parameters). Not a substitute for lifestyle interventions or approved therapies for metabolic disorders. High doses may cause transient gastrointestinal discomfort or changes in energy levels. Discontinue immediately and seek medical attention if severe symptoms occur (e.g., severe abdominal pain, allergic reaction, or unexpected neurological changes). Dosage & Administration Subcutaneous injection only. Standard Dose: 5 mg (22 clicks) per injection (delivers exactly 5 mg based on pen calibration) Alternative Lower Dose: 3 mg (13 clicks) – for longevity/maintenance or sensitive protocols Frequency: 2-3 times per week (e.g., Monday/Wednesday/Friday, or spaced around training/recovery days) Timing: Morning or pre-workout to maximize energy, stamina, and recovery support Cycle: Typically, 4-12 weeks on, followed by 4
